Catalysts allow a reaction to proceed via a pathway that has a lower activation energy than the uncatalyzed reaction. In homogeneous catalysis, catalysts are in the same phase as the reactants.53911-68-5, C11H9ClO3. A document type is Article, introducing its new discovery., Application of 53911-68-5
Aromatic aldehydes and ketones react with ketene under Lewis acid catalysis to produce beta-lactones, which in situ react with another molecule of ketene to produce 3-arylglutaric anhydrides. The mechanism, scope, and limitation of this one-pot synthesis of 3-substituted glutaric anhydrides are discussed.
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Reference：
Tetrahydropyran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydropyran – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics